The development of Social Welfare in Pakistan has evolved significantly since its inception in the early 1950s. Here's a detailed overview of its progress:
Inception and UN Guidance (1951-1953)
In 1951, the Government of Pakistan sought assistance from the United Nations to develop a social welfare program suitable for an independent nation. By 1952, the first UN Social Welfare consultants arrived in Karachi, marking a pivotal moment in the country's social welfare orientation. Recognizing the absence of trained social workers, the consultants advised prioritizing social work training to ensure the effective implementation of welfare projects. Following their recommendations, in 1953, the government devised a plan to initiate a structured social welfare program. Initially, the government's role focused on:
- Providing social work training.
- Encouraging voluntary agencies.
- Sponsoring urban and rural community development projects.
Establishment of the Planning Board and Social Welfare Section (1953)
In 1953, the government established a Planning Board to draft an economic development plan, including a Social Welfare section tasked with:
- Investigating social problems and needs arising from social and economic changes.
- Reviewing social policies and legislation in various welfare fields.
- Preparing a five-year plan for social welfare programs.
This section eventually evolved into the National Planning Commission.
Formation of the National Council of Social Welfare (1956)
In 1956, the National Council of Social Welfare was created to support voluntary organizations by providing financial assistance and consultative services. Provincial councils were later formed to aid in the expansion and coordination of voluntary welfare agencies across the provinces.
Directorate General of Social Welfare (1962-1964)
The central Directorate of Social Welfare was abolished in 1962 due to decentralization under the new constitution. In 1964, the Directorate General of Social Welfare was established in West Pakistan.
Reorganization and Provincial Establishment (1970-1979)
Following the dissolution of West Pakistan into the provinces of Sindh, Punjab, NWFP (now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa), and Baluchistan in 1970, the Directorate General of Social Welfare and the Council of Social Welfare were divided into four parts. Each province established its own Directorate and Council to manage social welfare programs. By 1979, a separate Social Welfare Department was established.
Integration and Separation of Departments (1996-2012)
In 1996, the Women Development segment was integrated into the Social Welfare Department, followed by the inclusion of Bait-ul-Maal in 1998. However, in 2012, the Women Development segment was separated again to form a distinct department, leaving the Social Welfare and Bait-ul-Maal as a combined entity.
This historical trajectory highlights the ongoing efforts to adapt and expand social welfare services in Pakistan, reflecting changing social needs and administrative reforms.